Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurological disease that affects the central nervous system, disrupting the flow of information within the brain and between the brain and body. Among its many symptoms, sleep disturbances are common yet often overlooked. Understanding the relationship between MS and sleep is crucial for managing the disease and improving quality of life.

How MS Affects Sleep

Fatigue

Fatigue is one of the most prevalent symptoms of MS, affecting up to 80% of patients. Unlike typical tiredness, MS-related fatigue is more severe, can occur even after a restful sleep, and often interferes with daily activities.

Pain and Discomfort

Pain, muscle spasms, and stiffness are common in MS and can significantly disrupt sleep. Neuropathic pain, which is caused by damage to the nervous system, can lead to frequent awakenings and poor sleep quality.

Restless Legs Syndrome

RLS is characterized by an uncontrollable urge to move the legs, usually due to uncomfortable sensations. It can severely impact sleep and is more common in people with MS.

Sleep Apnea 

Sleep apnea, a condition where breathing repeatedly stops and starts during sleep, is more prevalent in MS patients. It can lead to fragmented sleep and contribute to daytime fatigue.

Medication Side Effects

Medications used to manage MS symptoms can also interfere with sleep. For example, steroids may cause insomnia, while muscle relaxants can lead to excessive daytime sleepiness.

Managing Sleep Issues in MS

Addressing sleep problems in MS involves a multi-faceted approach. Here are some strategies that can help:

Medical Management 

Consulting with healthcare providers to address pain, spasticity, and other MS-related symptoms is crucial. Medications for managing pain, spasticity, and other symptoms should be reviewed and adjusted if they are affecting sleep.

Sleep Hygiene

Good sleep hygiene practices can significantly improve sleep quality. These include:

• Establishing a Regular Sleep Schedule: Going to bed and waking up at the same time every day helps regulate the body's internal clock.
• Creating a Comfortable Sleep Environment: Ensuring the bedroom is cool, quiet, and dark can promote better sleep.
• Limiting Caffeine and Alcohol: Both can interfere with sleep, so it's best to avoid them, especially in the hours leading up to bedtime.
• Avoiding Heavy Meals Before Bed: Eating a large meal can cause discomfort and disrupt sleep.

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I)

CBT-I is a structured program that helps individuals identify and change thoughts and behaviors that contribute to insomnia. It has been shown to be effective in improving sleep quality in people with chronic illnesses, including MS.

Physical Activity

Regular physical activity can help reduce fatigue and improve sleep quality. However, it’s important to balance activity with rest to avoid exacerbating MS symptoms.

Addressing Mental Health

Anxiety and depression are common in MS and can contribute to sleep disturbances. Seeking support from mental health professionals and incorporating stress management techniques such as mindfulness and relaxation exercises can be beneficial.

Conclusion

If you or someone you love are continuing to have sleeping trouble, that may be a sign of an underlying problem. Please click the orange button below to take a free online sleep test and talk with one of our sleep health professionals.