Sleep paralysis is an episode where you can’t move your body or speak directly after or directly before sleep, and while you are conscious. It is part of a collection of sleep disorders called parasomnias, which simply indicates that your sleep has some kind of general disruption. In the case of sleep paralysis, your body has trouble transitioning to and from sleep.
During an episode of sleep paralysis you will be:
Sleep paralysis may be chronic, it may happen every so often, or it may only happen once. It can range from confusing to terrifying. Episodes typically last anywhere from a few seconds to a couple of minutes, and sometimes (though uncommonly) may last longer than two minutes.
Though sleep paralysis can be scary, it’s not dangerous.
There doesn’t seem to be any central cause for sleep paralysis. That being said, sleep paralysis is more common in people who:
A lack of a clear cause, or having an underlying cause that is different for different people, can make treating sleep paralysis challenging or impossible.
An episode of sleep paralysis will make you feel totally helpless because outside of frantically moving your eyes you are otherwise paralyzed.
This image is commonly thought to depict an episode of sleep paralysis
If you are used to it, it will probably be a little unsettling and maybe even frustrating. If you are not used to experiencing it, you will likely be scared or even terrified – especially if you are unaware that sleep paralysis is an actual disorder.
Historically, people thought that an episode of sleep paralysis was the result of being in the presence of a demon or evil spirit, because they can be that scary.
A typical first episode of sleep paralysis may be like this:
If you are lucky, this will only last a few seconds (though it will probably feel like longer). However it can go on for a couple of minutes, and at some point you wonder things like:
Fortunately these episodes pass, but are very disconcerting. If you have experienced them before, the knowledge that you will be okay is enough to take much of the edge off of these episodes.
As said, there’s no treatment for sleep paralysis specifically. But there are some things you can do to help avoid it.
First of all, if you have an underlying cause, treat the underlying cause. For example, if you have narcolepsy, for which sleep paralysis is a common symptom, treating your narcolepsy may help prevent or eliminate these episodes.
If there is no underlying cause, some things you can do are:
If sleep paralysis is a scary or chronic experience in your life, reach out to one of our sleep specialists who can help you get answers. Start by taking this free online sleep test: